What does EEG stand for, which measures electrical activity in the brain?

EEG stands for Electroencephalography, which is a technique used to measure the electrical activity of the brain. This method involves placing electrodes on the scalp to detect the electrical impulses produced by neuronal activity. Electroencephalography provides a way to observe brain function in real-time, allowing researchers and clinicians to study brain wave patterns associated with various states of consciousness, neurological disorders, and cognitive processes.

The term "Electroencephalogram," although closely related, refers specifically to the actual recording or output produced by the EEG process, indicating brain activity over time. The other options do not accurately describe the method for measuring brain electrical activity, as they either use incorrect terminology or focus on unrelated concepts. Understanding these definitions is essential in accurately communicating about human brain function and related research methodologies.