What is the space called that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and located between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater?

The correct answer is the subarachnoid space. This space is crucial because it is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which provides cushioning for the brain and spinal cord, helps to maintain intracranial pressure, and facilitates the exchange of nutrients and waste products. The subarachnoid space is specifically located between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, which are two of the three protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. The presence of CSF in this space is vital for protecting the central nervous system against trauma and supporting the overall health of the neural tissues.

Understanding the structure and role of the subarachnoid space highlights the importance of cerebrospinal fluid in neurological function and protection.