What is the term for the raised ridges found on the surface of the brain?

The correct term for the raised ridges found on the surface of the brain is "gyrus." The brain's surface is characterized by multiple gyri (plural of gyrus) and sulci (the grooves or indentations between the gyri). Gyri play a crucial role in increasing the surface area of the cerebral cortex, allowing for a greater number of neurons and supporting higher-level cognitive functions.

In contrast, sulci are the grooves that separate the gyri, while ventricles refer to the fluid-filled cavities within the brain that help produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid. Dura mater is one of the protective membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord. Understanding the distinction between these terms is essential for grasping the basic anatomy of the brain and its functional implications.