What structure consists of a network of arteries, veins, and connective tissues in the meninges?

The correct choice highlights the structure known as trabeculae, which play a significant role within the meninges. Trabeculae refer to the small, beam-like structures that form a network, providing support and connection among components of the meninges. The meninges themselves consist of three protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. Within the arachnoid space, trabeculae help to anchor these layers and maintain the positioning of the cerebrospinal fluid.

In contrast, the other options represent different components of the nervous system: the cortex refers to the outer layer of the brain involved in many high-level functions; axons are long, slender projections of neurons that transmit electrical impulses away from the cell body; and dendrites are branched extensions of neurons that receive signals from other nerve cells. While these structures are essential for the functioning of the nervous system, they do not pertain to the arterial, venous, or connective tissue network found in the meninges. Understanding the role of trabeculae helps in comprehending the protective mechanisms surrounding the central nervous system.