Which condition results in a decline in two or more cognitive functions that impacts daily living activities?

Dementia is characterized by a decline in cognitive functions, including memory, reasoning, and the ability to carry out daily living activities. It is not merely a sign of aging but represents a group of symptoms that affect the day-to-day functioning of individuals. The cognitive impairments in dementia can lead to challenges in communication, recognition, and problem-solving, directly impacting an individual's quality of life and their capability to perform routine tasks.

Conditions like alexia, apraxia, and agraphia refer to specific types of cognitive or motor deficits. Alexia pertains to difficulties in reading, while agraphia relates to problems with writing. Apraxia involves difficulty with motor tasks despite having the physical ability to carry them out, indicating issues with planning and coordinating movements rather than a broader cognitive decline. These conditions, while they can certainly affect an individual's functioning, do not encompass the widespread cognitive decline associated with dementia.