Which neurotransmitter is associated with cellular metabolism, learning, and memory?

Glutamate is the neurotransmitter most closely associated with cellular metabolism as well as learning and memory processes. It is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, playing a critical role in synaptic plasticity, which is essential for learning and the formation of memories. Glutamate facilitates communication between neurons, enabling the strengthening of synapses, which is fundamental to the processes of acquiring and retaining knowledge.

The involvement of glutamate in cognitive functions is supported by its role in long-term potentiation (LTP), a process that enhances synaptic transmission and is considered one of the main mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity. This makes glutamate integral to both learning and memory formation, as effective neuronal communication is necessary for these processes. Thus, its contribution to cellular metabolism and energy production is essential for maintaining the functionality of neurons during complex cognitive tasks.